GRAMMAR

Simple

1.       Present tense : She goes to school

2.       Past tense : she went to school

3.       Future tense : she will go to school

4.       Past future tense : she would go to school

Continuous

1.       Present Tense : He is building a house

2.       Past Tense : He was building a house

3.       Future Tense : He will be building a house

4.       Past Future Tense : He would be building a house

Perfect

1.       Present Tense : We have drawn a window

2.       Past Tense : We had drawn a window

3.       Future Tense : We will have drawn a window

4.       Past Future Tense : We would have drawn a window

Perfect continuous

1.       Present Tense : I have been receiving your letter

2.       Past Tense : I had been receiving your letter

3.       Future Tense : I will have been receiving your letter

4.       Past Future Tense : I would have been receiving your letter

VOCABULARY IN CIVIL ENGINEERING

VERB

NOUN

SUBJECT

ENGLISH

INDONESIA

ENGLISH

INDONESIA

ENGLISH

INDONESIA

Build Draw Maintain Renovate Supervision Distribute Analyze Arrage Change Count Design Detonate Examine Improve Localize Mix Observe Operate Paint Prepare Bend Burst Cut Dig Grave Saw Upset Deal Solve Receive

Membangun Menggambar Mempertahankan Renovasi,memperbaiki Pengawasan Menyalurkan Menganalisis Menyusun Mengubah Menghitung Merencanakan Meledakkan Memeriksa Memperbaiki Melokalisasi Mencampurkan Mengamati Mengoperasikan Mengecat Mempersiapkan Membengkok-kan Meledak Memotong Menggali Memahat Menggergaji Merobohkan Perjanjian,transaksi Memecahkan Menerima

Sand Gravel Iron Woll Wall Copper Stone Steel Door Glass Window Roof Floor Soil Building Road Bridge Concrete Cement Cabel Wood Pyramid Truck Foundation Dams Canals Pulley Tin Brick Tunel

Pasir Kerikil Besi Tembok Dinding Tembaga Batu Baja Pintu Kaca Jendela Atap Lantai Tanah Bangunan Jalan Jembatan Beton Semen Kabel Kayu Piramida Truk Pondasi Bendungan Kanal Katrol Timah Bata terowongan

Structure manager Designer Executive Sales man Distributor Construction manager Holdrs of project finance Project developer Surveyor Drafter Supervisor Consultan Foreman Contractor Project manager Engineering manager Operational manager Architec Builder Superintendent Logistic

Menejer struktur Perancang Pelaksana Pemasaran Penyalur Menejer konstruksi Pemegang keuangan proyek Pengembang proyek Pengukur (tanah) Tukang gambar Pengawas,pengamat Penasihat ahli Mandor Kontraktor Kepala proyek Manager teknik Manager lapangan Arsitek Tukang bangunan Pengawas Penjaga penyimpanan barang

History of Civil Engineering

Sumber : www.engineeringcivil.com/history

Civil Engineering is a professional engineering discipline that deals with the design,construction, and maintenance of the physical and built environment,including works like roads,bridges,canals,dams,and buildings. First “Civil Engineer” was an Englishman,John Smeaton in 1761.Fall of 1886,”State College” (UK) established civil engineering degree. John Wesley Gunn of Lexington received first Civil Engineering degree from A & M College (UK) in 1890. Civil engineers have saved more lives than all the doctors in history — development of clean water and sanitation systems. Millennia ago when the pyramids of the Mayan and Egyptian empires were building pyramids, the people designing and supervising the construction of the pyramids must have been an engineer. Certainly, those endowed with the responsibility of devising ways to solve the day to day problems of construction, transportation, water irrigation, city planning were engineers. The engineers of the past often worked on technical problems of their day by using mechanics, available materials and technicians of the day and often worked in areas that ranged from mechanical, military inventions to architecture, which involved the design of aesthetic structure and the overall shape and form of structures.

Translate

Teknik Sipil adalah ilmu teknik yang berkaitan dengan desain,konstruksi,dan pemeliharaan lingkungan fisik dan bangunan,termasuk karya-karya seperti jalan,jembatan,kanal,bendungan,dan bangunan. “Insinyur Sipil” pertama adalah seorang kewarganegaraan inggris,John Smeaton pada 1761.

John Wesley Gunn dari Lexington menerima gelar teknik sipil pertama dari A & M College (UK) pada tahun 1890. Dalam sejarah Insinyur sipir telah menyelamatkan lebih banyak nyawa dibandingkan dokter dalam sejarah pengembangan sistem,seperti air bersih dan sanitasi

Ribuan tahun yang lalu ketika piramida Maya dan kerajaan Mesir dibangun,orang-orang merancang dan mengawasi pembangunan piramida haruslah seorang insinyur. Para Insinyur dimasa lalu sering memecahkan masalah teknis mereka menggunakan mekanik,material yang tersedia dan teknisi harian,dan mereka sering bekerja pada area  jangkauan  mekanik, penemuan militer pada arsitektur,yang berhubungan dengan estetika struktur dari disain dan bentuk keseluruhan dari bentuk strukturnya.

Questions and Answers

(5W & 1H)

1. What is Civil Engineering ?

Ø  Civil Engineering is a professional engineering discipline that deals with the design, construction, and maintenance of the physical and built environment, including works like roads, bridges, canals, dams, and buildings.

2. Why is Civil Engineering needed in human life ?

Ø  Civil Engineering is needed in human life because civil engineering have saved more lives than all the doctors in history – development of clean water and sanitation systems

3. Who was the first Civil Engineer ?

Ø  The First “Civil Engineer” was an Englishman, John Smeaton in 1761

4. Where was of a Civil Engineering degree ?

Ø  The birth of civil engineering degree in “State College” (UK)

5. When did John Wesley Gunn received a degree in Civil Engineering?

Ø  John Wesley Gunn received a degree in Civil Engineering in 1890, from A & M College (UK)

6. How do people know Civil Engineering ?

Ø  Civil Engineering was know from the pyramids in Egypt

Verbal and Nominal Sentences

• Nominal Sentences

Ø  Civil engineering is a professional engineering discipline that deals with the design , construction , and maintenance of the physical and built environment , including works like roads , bridges , canals , dams , and buildings .

Ø  First “Civil Engineer” was an Englishman,John Smeaton in 1761.Fall of 1886,”State College” (UK) established civil engineering degree.

• Verbal Sentences

Ø  Civil Engineering is a professional engineering discipline that deals with the design,construction, and maintenance of the physical and built environment,including works like roads,bridges,canals,dams,and buildings.

Ø  Certainly, those endowed with the responsibility of devising ways to solve the day to day problems of construction, transportation, water irrigation, city planning were engineers.

Ø  The engineers of the past often worked on technical problems of their day by using mechanics, available materials and technicians of the day and often worked in areas that ranged from mechanical, military inventions to architecture, which involved the design of aesthetic structure and the overall shape and form of structures.

Ø  John Wesley Gunn of Lexington received first Civil Engineering degree from A & M College (UK) in 1890.

Ø  Millennia ago when the pyramids of the Mayan and Egyptian empires were building pyramids, the people designing and supervising the construction of the pyramids must have been an engineer

TENSES

Simple Past Tense

Ø  First civil engineer was an Englishman, John Smeaton

          S                tobe          O                   Noun    

Ø  John Wesley Gunn of Lexington received first Civil Engineering degree from A & M

S                             V₂                                    O                             K

College (UK) in 1890.

(Reason : tenses yang digunakan untuk menyatakan kegiatan yang terjadi dimasa lampau dan waktu terjadinya peristiwa itu telah diketahui.)

Present Perfect Tense

Ø  Civil engineers have saved more lives than all the doctors in history — development

            S                      V₃                                         induk kalimat

of clean water and sanitation systems.

                        anak kalimat

(Reason : menunjukkan kalimat yg terjadi pd masa lampau dan masih terasa pengaruhnya hingga sekarang.)

Past Continuous Tense

Ø  Millennia ago when the pyramids of the Mayan and Egyptian empires were building

ad.time                                               O                                     tobe    Ving

pyramids,

      O

 (Reason : tenses yang digunakan untuk menyatakan peristiwa yang sedang terjadi, tetapi bukan sedang terjadi sekarang, melainkan sedang terjadi "dulu", sudah lewat.)

Past Perfect Continuous Tense

Ø  The people designing and supervising the construction of the pyramids must have been

  S             V_ing                   V_ing                                                        O

an Engineer.

(Reason : untuk mengekspresikan suatu kejadian yg sudah dimulai dan sedang berlangsung di masa lampau tapi saat ini sudah tidak terjadi lagi.)

Active  > Passive

Ø  Active

   John Wesley Gunn of Lexington received first Civil Engineering degree from A & M Collage (UK) in 1890.

  Passive

   The first Civil Engineering degree from A & M Collage (UK) was received by John Wesley Gunn of Lexington in 1890.

Ø  Active

   Millennia ago when the pyramids of the Mayan and Egyptian empires were building pyramids

   Passive

   Pyramids were being building by millennia ago when the pyramids of the Mayan and Egyptian empires

Sumber : www.engineeringcivil.com/history